专四专八 | 新版专四写作终极说明+写作小技巧
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专四听写训练
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1
作文到底该怎么写？整个结构如何？
在解答这个问题前，我们首先要了解作文到底要写什么？很多学生养成了衣来伸手饭来张口的习惯，最期待任何一位老师能给自己一个模板，没有自己的想法。作文写什么并不是由哪个老师或者参考书说了算，作文写什么需要看的是题目！
那么我们再细读一下题目要求：write your response in about 200 words in which you shouldfirst summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. 很明显：给定材料的summary（以下简称summary）和你自己的view（以下简称comments）是考试的两个最核心的部分！
任何一个合适的结构模式都应该包含这两个部分，而且应该凸显这两个部分！所以，只要符合把summary和comments作为核心的写作模式都是可以的，分成几段话写只是我们在探讨用什么最优化的模式把这些核心内容呈现出来！
因此，我们认为把文章写成四段话较为合理，因为能凸显出两个核心部分：
第一段：Background. 引入现象，略加阐述，点到为止，不可赘述（~20 words）。
第二段（核心之一！！！）：Summary. 一句话说明人们持不同观点+概括正反方观点（70-80 words）。
第三段（核心之二！！！）：Comments. 过渡句+自己的观点（~90-100 words）
第四段：Conclusion. 总结全文（~20 words）。
注意：有些学校的老师希望分成经典的三段式，这都没有问题。作文本来就是开放式的东西，而且题目也并没有告诉我们要写几段话！分成几段并不是主要问题，只要你的作文能合理地体现核心即可！所以请不要再询问某某参考书上为什么这样写？请用脑也用心去思考。举个例子：有老师建议把我以上的第一段和第二段和在一起，原理上当然可以，个人觉得开头过于长了，结构不太好看，但是老师的建议仍然可以。
2
每段该怎么写？
第一段：Background
给大家几个经典句型，自由组合即可，应用方法在冲刺班已经讲授过，不再赘述。
Family education may exert a great impact on children’s behavior.
The past several years has witnessed the widespread use of genetically modified food.
Learning math plays an important role in everyday life.
This issue has captured numerous attentions from the general public.
Children’s education has recently arisen as one of the essential problems.
比如：Recently, the use of Chinese characters, traditional or simplified, has attracted numerous attentions from politicians and scholars alike. Obviously this issue will exert profound influence on our national education. (29 words)
第二段：Summary
第一部分（以下五句任意选一句）：
(1) There has been much controversy over _______.
(2) When it comes to _______, opinions vary greatly.
(3) ____ has given rise to a heated discussion.
(4) A heated debate has sprung up on ______.
(5) _______ has caused quite a stir among the general public.
第二部分：
Some people argue/suggest/insist that _______.
On the contrary, other believe/maintain that ______.
注意事项：
不要把材料里的所有观点都写入总结；
只需要提炼材料里的Key Words，然后组成句子；
篇幅占约1/3（即70-80字左右），最多不能超过50%（100字）；
不要完全照抄材料，进行一定的替换，包括词语替换、句式替换；
尽量简洁明了，让人一目了然。
比如：With regards to the controversial issue of whether we should revive traditional characters or continue using simplified ones, opinions vary greatly. Some people believe that traditional characters can better represent traditional culture, help to interpret ancient Chinese works, and unite Chinese people from all over the world. On the contrary, others argue that the simplified form, which is easier to learn and more convenient to use, can not only preserve traditional value but also lead to better communication. (78 words)
第三段：Comments
重大注意：文章是一个有机的整体，所以这里切勿自顾自论述，开头应该进行结合上段，进行一个简单的过渡，否则会导致大量的失分！
第一种写法思路：过渡句+犀利，即一边倒，但是尽可能使用辩证的说法。
(1) When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to be in favor of the former/latter one.
第二种写作思路：过渡句+中庸，即支持正反。
(2) When considering opinions of both sides, I find they are of equal weight.
比如：As the saying goes, “Every coin has its two sides”. There is no surprise that there are different opinions about the use of characters. However, as a college student, I am convinced that we should keep the simplified characters. To begin with, it is generally acknowledged that in mainland China simplified characters have been extensively applied in school education as well as in our daily life. If we instead promote the use of traditional characters, there would be language chaos in our country. Besides, efforts should be made to maintain the simplified form among Chinese people, since it is used by overwhelmingly large population. (104 words)
第四段：总结
注意：简单小结！
比如：To sum up, it is the simplified characters that we should advocate to use. Traditional ones should be left for the experts to study, not for the general public. (29 words)
3
评分标准如何？能用同一个模板吗？
内容分：10分 包括总结和评论
语言：7分 包括词汇是否丰富，词汇是否有变化，语法是否正确，字迹是否清晰
篇章组织：3分 包括全文是否通顺，衔接组织如何
我们从来没有讲过模板，因为文章的核心是summary和comments，这两部分一个结合材料，一个结合自己的观点，需要自己的基本功，其他部分显然用一些功能套句没有任何问题
4
能押一下题目嘛？
首先，问这些问题的同学应该拉出去枪毙！整天就知道押题，不好好提高自己的基本功。有水平走遍天下，没水平寸步难行。再者考试有一个大部分是summary，押中题目有能如何？你不还是要自己好好写作嘛？
其次，如果真的要押题，我大胆预测下。由于考试最终应该是给出正反观点的材料，所以所选择的话题一定是有争议。所以：
科学技术。互联网催生出来的一切东西都可能考；生物基因技术引发的伦理食品问题。
校园社会。对于目前当下流行的现象好坏都有可能，比如做了好事要不要回报，出国深造到底好不好，大学要不要搞排名分专业，大学生要不要创业，大学更在意学习成绩还是学习能力等。
文化传统。样题提到了繁体字和简体字的关系，因此有理由认为中华文明的保留和继承都有可能作为考题，也可能会和外国的文化结合起来考。
环境保护。比如环境破坏主要是人所为还是其他因素。
旅游娱乐。比如旅游要不要找旅伴。以上的五个主题优先级依次递减。
5
要写题目嘛？
如果题目没有明确规定，不写问题也不大。
如果题目有明确entitled XXX规定，请写上。
作文样题如下：
Should we revive traditional Chinese characters or continue using simplified characters? This has been an intensely discussed question for years. The following are the supporters' and opponents' opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and writer your response in about 200 words. in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
YES | NO |
Traditional characters, which date back to more than 2000 years ago, have a more beautiful appearance and a more reasonable structure. As indicated by the 親 and 愛 examples, traditional characters make more sense, convey traditional values and can therefore represent traditional culture. For two millennia. Chinese historical records and classic works were written in traditional characters. To be able to read them and inherit traditional culture, we need to bring traditional characters back. Politically, it is also necessary to restore traditional Chinese characters. Currently, traditional characters are still in use in Hong Kong, Taiwan and many Chinese communities around the world. Restoring them can contribute to cross-Straits exchanges and national reunification and unite Chinese people around the world. | In today's world, efficiency matters most. Traditional characters. which usually have more strokes than simplified ones, are more difficult to learn. By contrast, simplified characters are much easier to learn and use. Over the past 50 years, lots of classic texts have been turned into simplified-character versions, which means simplified characters can also promote and preserve traditional culture. Constant simplification has been a trend in the evolution of Chinese characters. From the oracle bones script of 3000 years ago to traditional characters, the Chinese writing system has always been slimming down for better communication. |
Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.
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